Operation Mincemeat was the code name for an elaborate scheme of deception carried out by British Intelligence in 1943 that contributed to the success of a critical invasion and helped to turn the tide of World War II. It was so far-fetched and macabre that it comes as no surprise that the germ of the idea came from future James Bond creator Ian Fleming, who was employed as an assistant in Naval Intelligence at the time. He helped pen the “Trout Memo”, which offered up 54 suggestions for deceiving the enemy, of which the idea that became Mincemeat was #28. The concept was to drop a dead body into the sea with “secret” documents containing false information meant to misdirect the Germans. Fleming attributed the strategy to a similar plot from the 1937 detective novel called The Milliner’s Hat Mystery by Basil Thomson. The goal was to convince the Reich that the Allies planned to invade Sardinia as opposed to the true target of Sicily.
As core members of the counter-espionage organization called British Twenty Committee, Ewen Montagu (Naval Intelligence) and Charles Cholmondeley (MI5) were tasked with adopting and expanding the concept. They contacted pathologist Sir Bernard Spilsbury and a coroner to find the perfect corpse whose cause of death could plausibly pass for a recently deceased drowned man of the correct age and physique but also who had no family seeking to bury him. The candidate selected was Glyndwr Michael, a homeless man who died after ingesting rat poison. With the help of many agents and officers throughout MI5 and the British military, Montagu and Cholmondeley created a persona for their corpse. They named him Captain William Martin, who was on a mission to deliver secret documents to the Allies when his plane was shot down. The corpse would be transported via submarine to the Southern coast of Spain near Huelva and released into the water to be discovered by the Spanish, who were known to share information with Germany.
In order to sell the story and Martin’s persona, the team went to great lengths give him a backstory including creating a fiancée named Pam waiting for him back home. They enlisted MI5 junior clerk Jean Leslie to portray Pam and added her photo to the “pocket litter” found on his body, along with receipts for an engagement ring, theatre ticket stubs and several love letters that were written by Leslie and senior secretary Hester Leggatt. A briefcase was strapped to his trenchcoat containing the letter with the misleading battle plans, as well as other correspondence between various high-level officers.
The ploy worked and the misdirection caused Hitler to reallocate troops to Sardinia, leaving Sicily relatively unprotected. The Allies successfully liberated the island with surprisingly low numbers of casualties on both sides. The operation was almost derailed by an unexpected turn of fate when an American pilot (also named William!) crash-landed and survived in the exact same location a mere 3 days before Martin’s corpse was discovered. Suspicious of this incredible coincidence, the Spanish conducted an autopsy on Martin. British diplomatic vice-consul Francis Haselden was in Spain to help the plan along. He influenced the autopsy results to reflect a drowning and then lured the Spanish into passing the false information to the Germans.
Because of the morally questionable way that the team procured their body, the details of the operation was kept secret for many years after the war ended. Since then, there have been many books, movies, plays and now even a musical based on this fantastical but true story. In 1953, Montagu wrote the government-sanctioned book “The Man Who Never Was” which was turned into a movie in 1956. More adaptations were created throughout the years including a 2014 BBC television miniseries “Fleming” The Man Who Would be Bond”, telling the story from Ian Fleming’s perspective.
In 2022, a war/spy drama aired on Netflix starring Colin Firth as Ewen Montagu, Matthew Macfadyen as Charles Cholmondeley, Kelly Macdonald as Jean Leslie and Penelope Wilton as Hester Leggatt. For dramatic purposes, the movie added fictitious subplots including a love triangle between Charles, Ewen, and Jean, suspicion that Montagu might be passing on secret information to his brother, a known Soviet agent, and a grieving sister who wants to claim Glyndwr Michael’s body and had to be paid off. I think the true story is so fascinating on its own that these tired Hollywood trope additions don’t seem necessary.Surprisingly, the 2023 West-End stage musical comedy of Operation Mincemeat actually follows the historical facts of the mission much more closely, despite being a fast-paced, farcical, irreverent, gender-bending five-hander. Five actors play the major roles of Ewen, Charles, Jean, Leslie, and superior officer Colonel Johnny Bevan who was the gatekeeper and decision maker for the operation within the team. In addition to these five main roles, the actors played almost 80 other characters, often in quick-change style with rapid on/off-stage costume changes or by simply donning or removing hats or glasses or by changing posture and demeanor while remaining on stage.Traditionally, the male roles of Montagu and Bevan are played by female actors while the female role of Hester Legatt is played by a male actor. The deliberate gender-blind casting is meant to alter the way the audience perceives human behaviour. It allows the female actors to portray roles of power, satirizing MI5’s misogynistic “old boys club” while the male character gets to show vulnerability. This is especially true in Hester’s showstopping song Dear Bill where she provides the text of for the fake love letter that Pam writes to William Martin. It starts off as fiction but eventually morphs into a heart-wrenching lament as Hester relives her personal sorrow over her own lost love Tom, who died in WWI. It is impressive to note that the male actor is not given over-the-top feminine wardrobe to play Hester amongst his other male roles. Wearing his white shirt and grey slacks, he turns into character with a mere change of posture, voice and spectacles on a chain that he props onto the bridge of his nose. Yet he is totally believable in the role.Through all the character changes and dialogue, the musical focuses on the extreme level of detail, administrative bureaucracy, mundane paperwork, and office politics that was involved as well as highlighting the female clerical staff with several songs including Useful where Jean and Hester lament never getting recognition for their contributions. Instead of introducing a love triangle or a fake relative for the corpse as in the movie, the musical satirizes the real-life issue of the additional plane crash, dubbing the U.S. survivor “Willie” Watkins and making him a stereotypical, loud and pompous American caricature.
Despite sticking closer to history, the musical also takes some liberties and makes additions for dramatic purposes. Similar to the movie, there is a subplot involving Montagu absconding with secret documents and being suspected as being a spy when in reality, he wants the information to write a script for a movie after the war. Jean Leslie is portrayed as a highly ambitious clerk that fights for agency, recognition and feminism while in reality, she was a newly hired 18-year-old clerk who donated her photo but was much less central to executing the plan. One deliberate change from history was the portrayal of pathologist Bernard Spilsbury as a morally corrupt con man when at the time, he was a well-respected expert. It has been described as “historical revisionism utilized for dramatic justice” since decades later, it was proven that he performed sloppy autopsies and often falsified evidence leading to wrongful convictions and even executions. It was illuminating to see photos and read about the real heroes of this operation within the program compared to the portrayals that we watched.The songs and score of this musical were ambitious, complex and eclectic, featuring a wide range of different musical genres and pastiches while doing a great job of advancing the plot through the lyrics. The only issue was the unusually muddy sound quality at the Royal Alexandra which typically has good acoustics, making it difficult to make out the words sung in some of the fast-paced songs.
The opening song “Born to Lead” as well as “The Pitch” are written as classic military tunes or traditional marching band music with fast-paced patter and a strong marching beat. Cleverly, the opening few bars of Born to Lead sample a snippet of the iconic James Bond Theme by as a tribute to the contributions which Bond author Ian Fleming made to this operation. Hip-hop and Rap are used for rapid-fire lyrical delivery in the songs “God That’s Brilliant” and “Bevan’s Update”, conveying significant information so quickly that you need to really listen to hear it all. The Disco-Pop song “All the Ladies”, where Jean dreams about working alongside the male officers, noticeably riffs on Beyoncé’s iconic song “All the Single Ladies (Put a Ring On it)”. “Sail On, Boys”, sung by the crew on the submarine, is a traditional folk song or sea shanty. Despite its title, “The Ballad of Willie Watkins” is an upbeat bluegrass/country rock song, while the satirical “Das Ubermensch”, which mocks fascism and the Third Reich, is a high-octane German techno and Eurodance parody. And as already mentioned, “Dear Bill” and “Useful” are sincere, heartfelt ballads. My favourite tune is a patter song, “Act As If”, that features rapid, rhythmic delivery of lyrics that mirrors the escalating panic, manipulation, and tension between the characters.
The closing numbers of the two acts of this musical are both showstoppers. Act I ends with a mashup of another fast-paced patter song “Just for Tonight”, where Montagu convinces the team to prematurely celebrate the success of their plot”, juxtapositioned against a somber reprise of “Sail On, Boys” as the submarine comes under attack while trying to complete its mission of releasing the body. The five actors on stage rapidly switch between the two songs through the use of lighting and by donning and removing of the sailors’ knit beanie hats.
The tour-de-force final song of the show titled “Glitzy Finale” summarizes the success of the operation, then becomes a reprisal melody, calling back to many of the previous song motifs with their eclectic genre styles. Next the song switches to Montagu finally directing his film about the caper, with an actor playing Cholmondeley, who was deemed not right for the role of playing himself.
It is in this scene that we finally found out why the audience was not let into the theatre until 10 minutes after the show was supposed to start, causing long lineups of patrons waiting outside for over 30 minutes. As Montagu brags and exaggerates about his accomplishments, he is supposed to be hoisted into the air, just to have the hoist malfunction and drop him down again. Rather than the scripted malfunction, the technical issue was real and the hoist would not work even after the long delay. Finally giving up, the show proceeded but when it got to the point where Montagu was to be lifted, he made a crack about delaying the start of the show for so long just to have this still not work. The missing sight-gag didn’t really affect the performance and the ad-lib was almost funnier. The song ended on a somber note with a tribute to Glyndwr Michael, explaining how he finally was recognized (posthumously) for his contributions to the war with a plaque and his name added to the tombstone of “William Martin”.This show was both silly fun to watch and historically enlightening. Despite the long wait and the slight sound issues, I really enjoyed watching this musical.







































